Wallace Craig’s “Appetites and Aversions as Constituents of Instincts, ” one of the seminal articles in animal behavior, comparative psychology, and ethology, appeared 100 years ago this year. The influence of this classic article is continuing and perhaps even expanding. Here we review the major ideas Craig offered in the article, provide a brief sketch […]
Background: Mental health professionals (MHPs) often lack skills necessary to effectively manage suicide risk. Training designed to combat this deficiency tend to rely on passive techniques, despite research suggesting active methods may better facilitate skill development. Aim: This study examines the effect of a role-play training on MHPs’ attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control […]
Objectives: To describe the process of combining Analysis Grid for Environments Linked to Obesity (ANGELO) with community engagement, qualitative and co-production methods to promote local strategies around child healthy weight (CHW) and to highlight steps taken to engage local people in developing a community CHW action plan around two school communities in Dundee, Scotland. Study […]
In today’s turbulent business environment, people from all walks of life are counted on to help guide others successfully through change. The majority of these change practitioners – professional change agents, Human Resources business partners, project managers, and others – do an acceptable job. They are recognized as helpful tactical resources when executing incremental change […]
Scaffolding proteins underlying postsynaptic membrane specializations are important structural and functional components of both excitatory and inhibitory synapses. At inhibitory synapses, gephyrin was identified as anchoring protein. Gephyrin self-assembles into a complex flat submembranous lattice that slows the lateral mobility of glycine and GABAA receptors, thus allowing for their clustering at postsynaptic sites. The structure […]
This paper describes the use of semantically annotated data for the expression of sensors and actuators with their properties and capabilities. For this purpose, a plug and play mechanism is presented in order to exchange self-descriptions between several hardware devices and then use the established information for the execution of capabilities. For the combination of […]
A detailed behavioral analysis was performed on rats that received bilateral labyrinthectomies. They were placed in a walled activity monitor (39 ◊ 39 cm) that allowed the animal to move freely within the enclosure. Their behavioral activities were automatically recorded. These activities were placed into twelve different categories. The results show a lower rate of […]
This study examined manual dexterity and skilled limb movements in two species of tree kangaroos (Dendrolagus lumholtzi and D. matschiei) in order to evaluate the claim that claws are detrimental to object handling and the view that all marsupials conform to a ‘typical’ set of movements. The tree kangaroos demonstrated two main differences from previously […]
The sources of individual differences in human and non-human animals remain controversial. We demonstrate that diet and genetics interact in determining the ontogenetic trajectory of chemosensory and prey preferences in the common garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis, a dietary generalist. In litters of neonate snakes from a single small field in an earthworm-ingesting population, initial responses […]
This paper has investigated a design method for furniture designers in Malaysia to allow users to express their needs and aspirations through place making or creation of meaningful office workspaces. During the field work, we discovered that there were problems in getting the users to explain their ideas through verbal explanations. They did not have […]
Background: Existing tools for measuring blood-borne virus (BBV) and sexually transmitted infection (STI) transmission risk behaviours in substance use interventions have limited capacity to assess risk behaviours across varied social, cultural and epidemiological contexts; have not evolved alongside HIV treatment and prevention innovations; or accounted for sexual contexts of drug use including among a range […]
In The Jacksonian, an autobiographical play set in Mississippi in 1964, Beth Henley filters a tragic action based on the Aristotelian model through the non-linear memory of Rosy, the play’s narrator and choric figure, as she tries not to remember that her father has killed her mother. Rosy’s father, Bill- A Girardian scapegoat figure contaminated […]
In their everyday work, health professionals find themselves in situations that they perceive to be abusive to patients. Such situations can trigger feelings of shame and guilt, making efforts to address the problem among colleagues a challenge. This article analyzes how health professionals conceptualize abusive situations, and how they develop collective learning and explore preventive […]
On the third day of life, four groups of eight chicks each were given either rape or canary seed, exclusively. The following day the chicks were given the seed they had not experienced the day previously. For eight days subsequently, the chicks were offered both seeds and the proportion by weight of each seed eaten […]
The purpose was to develop two versions of a body function index in cerebral palsy (BFI-CP I and BFI-CP II) using two methods to explore the relationship and differences among them and the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and to explore the differences among subsets of the classifications that do not correspond to the […]
Previously it was found that during the loss of postural support induced by combined administration of haloperidol and morphine, rats became markedly hypothermic. The present work was a more detailed study of this hypothermia. Morphine alone (20 mg/kg) produced a slight hyperthermia (1∞C) in female rats and no effect in males. Haloperidol alone (5 mg/kg) […]
Executive function (EF) skills are the attention-regulation skills that make it possible to sustain attention, keep goals and information in mind, refrain from responding immediately, resist distraction, tolerate frustration, consider the consequences of different behaviors, reflect on past experiences, and plan for the future. As EF research progresses, scientists, teachers, and parents are becoming more […]
Autism is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by qualitative impairments in social behavior, communication, and aberrant repetitive behaviors. A major focus of animal models of autism has been to mimic the social deficits of the disorder. The present study assessed whether rats exposed prenatally to valproic acid (VPA) show deficits in social play as juveniles […]
The diversity of factors that may contribute to autism is enormous. Some lead to therapeutic ideas, most do not. Our own early work focused on possible endogenous opioid excesses in the brain, which lead to the use of low doses of naltrexone (LDN, 0.25 mg/kg, every other day, orally administered). The history of such an […]
Suicide remains one of the leading causes of death among 25- to 49-year-olds in the United States, and each year roughly 30,000 children are victims of parental suicide in the United States (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2005).1 We report a case of a young child who lost both of his parents to suicide. […]
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